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ARE HYPERPALATABLE AND HEALTHY FOODS PERCEIVED DIFFERENTLY BY PEOPLE WITH SYMPTOMS OF FOOD ADDICTION? INSIGHTS OF FREE SORTING TASKS
Mariana Araújo Gomes da Silva
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
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Crie um tópicoWorldwide obesity rates have doubled in the last three decades and this increase may be associated with food addiction (FA), becoming a relevant topic and quite debated recently by the scientific community. It is believed that the frequent consumption of hyper-palatable foods is capable of promoting neurochemical adaptations in the reward system, similar to other chemical dependencies and can generate distortions in the perception of food. In this sense, the present work aimed to explore the incidence of food addiction in a convenience sample and to assess the perception of participants with symptoms of FA about foods images, comparing the results with regular ones. Firstly, demographic data and self-reported weight and height from one hundred and thirty-three participants were collected. Then, 18 different food images representing healthy, not-so-healthy and hyper-palatable foods options and based on NOVA food classification were presented to the participants all together in different orders according to a balanced design. They were asked to group the 18 images into groups based on perceived similarity, limiting the creation of at least 2 groups. In order to better understand the groups obtained, participants were asked to label each food group they had created using their own words. The prevalence of food addiction was investigated using the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS 2.0). According to the results, data from participants were evaluated by global and per cell chi-square test, Two-Sample t-Test (body mass index - BMI) and Factor Analysis. The Sorting data was analyzed by Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA) and Rv coefficients were used to compare and superimpose the different data sets. Based on YFAS 2.0 (Conbrach's alfa=0.945), thirty-two participants (24.06%) showed symptoms of food addiction, with significantly higher BMI (p=0.012). Regarding the spatial distribution of images, there were no significant configurational differences between the groups (Rv=0.934), however, differences in the frequency of mention of some labels and classification of products by group can be highlighted. Therefore, public policies aimed at modifying obesogenic environments and promoting healthy eating habits should consider the multidimensionality of the issue.
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