Proximity to a critical point driven by electronic entropy in URu2Si2

The strongly correlated actinide metal URu2Si2 exhibits a mean field-like second order phase transition at To ≈ 17 K, yet lacks definitive signatures of a broken symmetry. Meanwhile, various experiments have also shown the electronic energy gap to closely resemble that resulting from hybridization between conduction electron and 5f-electron states. We argue here, using thermodynamic measurements, that the above seemingly incompatible observations can be jointly understood by way of proximity to an entropy-driven critical point, in which the latent heat of a valence-type electronic instability is quenched by thermal excitations across a gap, driving the transition second order [1]. Salient features of such a transition include a robust gap (see Fig. 1a) spanning highly degenerate features in the electronic density of states, that is weakly (if at all) suppressed by temperature on approaching To, and an elliptical phase boundary (Fig. 1b) in magnetic field and temperature that is Pauli paramagnetically limited at its critical magnetic field.