Zona de amortecimento do Parque Estadual do Turvo: um estudo da dinâmica espacial do uso e cobertura da terra

The conservations units are created because of the need to preserve significant samples of ecosystems and their ecological processes. The Turvo State Park is one of the most important of Rio Grande do Sul state, highlighting to present one of the largest preserved areas of the Atlantic Forest biome. That way the objective of this article is from the spatial analysis of land cover and use, the Turvo State Park, as well as their buffer zone for years 1985, 1995, 2005 and 2014, and identify and quantify the evolution through forest maintenance processes, deforestation and forest expansion. There was the mapping of land cover and use based satellite images Landsat 5/TM and Landsat 8/OLI, using the supervised classification. Forest evolution was obtained using the LEGAL analysis tool SPRING software. The results showed that the study area has predominance of forest and agriculture classes, in which forests increased by 2015.01 hectares, over the years studied. Through the analysis of the evolution of forest cover it was observed that areas with agricultural were abandoned and these in turn from the natural regeneration process they returned to the initial stage of forests, however new areas of forests were converted to other uses. It is concluded that Turvo State Park effective area is preserved and there is no change in forest cover, but in the buffer zone anthropogenic pressures continue modifying the landscape.