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Sensoriamento Remoto como ferramenta de verificação do vazio sanitário da soja no estado do Paraná na safra verão 2013/2014

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Beginning 8 years ago, the state of Paraná has been having the second largest production of sdoybean between all Brazilian states, dedicating 85% of its crop area to soybean during spring and summer. Despite its great national performance, the production of soybean can be affected by diseases that compromise the crop’s development, such as the Asian rust (Phakopsora pachyhizi). Between the harvests of 2000/2001 and 2005/2006, the Asian rust reduced drastically the productivity of crops nationwide. Since then, strategic measures have been adopted in order to reduce the Asian rust occurrence, including the use of fungicides and plantation regulations, which forbid planting or having any alive plants on selected fields between April 15th and September 15th. This study aims to verify the compliance with these regulations in the state of Paraná, during the season of 2013/2014, through orbital remote sensing. The Timesat software was used to analyze seasonal patterns in temporal series from the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), from the Modis sensor (Aqua and Terra). The results have shown that 14.6% of soybean crop areas do not comply with the regulations, a rate that increases to 31.5% when considering only the northeast region. Therefore, if the weather conditions are favorable to the soybean rust growth, severe economic and environmental damage may happen, due to a considerable part of the state not complying with the regulations