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Dinâmica de incêndios florestais na Reserva Extrativista Chico Mendes - Acre

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Conservation units have functioned as a barrier to deforestation and degradation. However, in the current scenario of extreme droughts, forest fires have become an important source of degradation of Amazonian forests. In this context, we aim to understand the dynamics of the occurrence of forest fires in the Chico Mendes Extractive Reserve, Acre. Mapping of forest fires scars from 1984 to 2015 was done using Landsat images and Claslite software with the application of the BSI (Burn Scar Index) equation. The distribution of fires per year and the proportion of recurrent fires were analyzed as well as the distribution of the fires with respect to forest phytophysiognomies, roads and rivers of the Acre Economic Ecological Zoning database. We investigated the relationship with settlements based on data from the Chico Mendes Institute (ICMBio). At Resex Chico Mendes, the area of forest with a canopy affected by fire was 50,363 ha, the highest occurrence being in 2005 (80%) and in 2010 (19%). Eleven polygons greater than 1,000 ha were identified, representing 52% of the total. The most affected forest physiognomies were open forests with bamboo (53%) and alluvial forests (20%). The year 2005 has become the "milestone" in forest fire management when fire became a concern for conversation units as drought events became more frequent.