Análise temporal das alterações na cobertura florestal na REBIO do Gurupi (Maranhão) utilizando dados do DETER B de 2012 a 2015

Deforestation in Amazon Region is an historic event that despite of all public policies and measures aiming its mitigation, still threatens forest areas in Legal Amazon, such as the Biological Reserve of Gurupi (REBIO of Gurupi), in the state of Maranhão, which is an area of high ecological interest, besides of being the only Full Protection Conservation Unit. Even though it is a very environmentally significant area, this Conservation Unit has been suffering intense deforestation, logging exploitation and burning throughout the last years. These events are monitored by the National Institute for Space Research (INPE), by the DETER-B Project, which provide maps deforestation alerts, different degradation levels and logging exploitation in the Legal Amazon, using images from Advanced Wide Field Sensor (Resourcesat-II - AWiFS) and Wide Field Imager (CBERS 4 - WFI). The data produced by this project were analyzed in the REBIO of Gurupi’s area from 2012 to 2015, summing up 29 km² of total or partial removal of forest cover inside the REBIO. The deforestation was formed by small polygons, situated in the south part of the area, close to the rural owners’ settlements. The degradation and selective logging were more evident in the north part of the REBIO, where the logging companies are located. Therefore, it is extremely important to keep monitoring this area, in order to guarantee the protection of its natural resources and make sure the Conservation Unit will keep fulfilling its main role, which is preserve natural areas.