Análise da temperatura de brilho por meio de imagens termais do Landsat-8 na Área de Proteção Ambiental Tietê - Estado de São Paulo

The objective of this work was to analyze the brightness temperature in the Tietê Environmental Protection Area, located in the western region of the State of São Paulo, through satellite thermal images. For the study area, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was also used to compare the brightness temperature information in sites with higher and lower vegetation cover. Two images of the Landsat-8 satellite, OLI and TIRS sensors, were acquired near the site of the US Geological Survey (USGS) in March and April 2016. The methodology used to obtain the brightness temperature was indicated in the USGS manual (2016) for users of Landsat-8 satellite images. Meteorological data of the automatic stations made available on the website of the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) were used to compare the results obtained by satellite images. When analyzing the NDVI images with the brightness temperature, it was observed that where there was little or no vegetation cover the brightness temperature was higher, these areas being represented by the urbanization in the central area and the regions near the limit of the APA being represented by exposed soil. In areas where there was a dense vegetation cover, that is, NDVI higher, the values of brightness temperature were lower.