Proceedings of International Congress on Bioactive Compounds and International Workshop on Bioactive Compounds
Proceedings of 2nd International Congress on Bioactive Compounds and 3rd International Workshop on Bioactive Compounds

Among the bioactive compounds of microalgae, highlight the carotenoids, that have been proposed in the prevention, maintenance, and treatment of health conditions whose discoveries are stimulating their use in functional food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical products. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of carotenoids from Scenedesmus obliquus biomass and carotenoid extract on melanoma cells in vitro. In this way, carotenoids were identified right after the extraction of microalgal biomass, and after 24h treatment in a CO2 oven of the strains B16-F10 (murine melanoma) and A375 (murine melanoma). The identification of the compounds was through HPLC-PDA-MS/MS and the biological activity was measured by the cytotoxicity techniques 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, in addition to the oxidative parameters by 2',7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) and nitric oxidant (NO). Microalgae biomass showed decreased cell viability, with IC50 of 127.8 and 74.85 µM, as well as carotenoids 73.93 and 24.29 µM in A375 and B16-F10 cells, respectively. Regarding the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the biomass showed an increase in this parameter only in the B16-F10 strain, unlike the carotenoids that increased levels in the two strains tested. Nitric oxide was more significant for the two treatments only in the murine strain. A total of 13 compounds were identified from the biomass and extract. The major compounds were bioaccessible by A375 cells in the all-trans-lutein and all-trans- β -carotene treatment (31% and 19%) and for the B16-F10 lineage (52% and 17%). For the treatment with carotenoid extract in the A375 lineage, the bioaccessible compounds were all-trans-lutein and all-trans- β -carotene (75% and 10%) and in B16F10 cells (47% and 17%), such effects were given due to the structure of these molecules and the complexity of the microalgal biomass. Biomass was also better in decreasing cell viability and REDOX imbalance.