Tolerance’s effect on the evolution of cooperation in a compulsory public goods game

In community projects or collective ventures, success depends largely on the cooperation of the participating individuals [1]. The individuals’ behavior determines the project’s sustainability over time. Unfortunately, some participants may benefit from the collective contribution without contributing to the venture (defectors) [3, 4]. This results in a lower outcome than expected by the participants. What can be observed is that even this unfavorable scenario for the contributing individual, some decide to continue contributing to the project even when the rational strategy would be to abandon cooperation immediately [2]. To understand the interaction between individuals, we analyze the evolution of cooperation in a compulsory public goods game in spatial populations.