Drylands cover 40% of terrestrial surface and more than 2 billion people live in these regions. Climate change is driving the increase of global temperature and the frequency of drought, and the combination of those events reduces the possibility to grow traditional crops in drylands. Cactus (Opuntia and Nopalea) is a productive drought-tolerant plant that have multiple uses, and it can be an option to improve livelihood of rural communities in dry areas. Cactus can be used to produce fodder, fruit, vegetable, essential oils, biogas, cactus leather, and has numerous health benefits. Besides, cactus can reduce soil erosion and desertification of arid lands, feeding wildlife in a range of habitats. Cactus is already used in numerous countries, but it has potential to increase its planted area and diversify the uses in places where is already planted. Public policies must be put in place to increase adoption and utilization in countries where it has not been adopted yet. Success stories include the development of research and technology by public and private companies, stakeholder engagement, credit, and an active extension system to bridge the gap between research institutions and end users. Global warming might increase areas feasible to plant cactus and new demands will arise from stakeholders. Concentrated efforts on preservation of genetic resources, breeding, management, and development of new cactus-based products will allow further development of this crop in drylands. Cactus is well fitted to dryland environment, and it will play a significant role in the years to come.