Bacterial cellulose-templated magnetic bioadsorbents: A sustainable approach to aqueous contaminant removal

The increasing contamination of water resources has intensified the search for sustainable and efficient materials for water treatment. This study reports the development of a magnetic nanocomposite based on bacterial cellulose (BC), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and magnetic nanoparticles. BC membranes were ground and blended with PHB dissolved in acetic acid to improve the composite’s mechanical strength and stability. Magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by alkaline coprecipitation of iron ions and incorporated into the polymer matrix, producing a magnetic hybrid film (mBC-PHB). The material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), confirming nanoparticle incorporation and the presence of the composite constituents. The hybrid exhibited structural integrity, a homogeneous surface, and a fast magnetic response. These results demonstrate the successful preparation of a stable magnetic material with promising potential for contaminant adsorption and separation in aqueous media, supporting future optimization and practical water treatment applications.