Anais do Congresso Paranaense de Microbiologia
IV Congress of Microbiology in Paraná

Acinetobacter spp. it is an important nosocomial pathogen responsible for a variety of infections that are difficult to treat, due to increasing prevalence of multiresistant (MDR) and extensively resistant (XDR) isolates to antimicrobials all around the world. This pathogen is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, and has a substantially higher incidence in Intensive Care Units (ICU). Monitoring antimicrobial resistance rates guides empirical therapies, improving treatment and increasing the chance of therapeutic success. This study aimed to determine the profile of clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp. recovered from respiratory tract specimens (≥106 CFU/mL) of patients hospitalized in the ICU of the Hospital Universitário (HU) of Londrina from January 2010 to December 2020. Were analyzed data microbiological records obtained from the Clinical Analysis Laboratory-HU referring to positive cultures for Acinetobacter spp. These were evaluated as to the patient's gender, type of biological sample, hospitalization sector and antimicrobial sensitivity profile. Only one sample per patient was included in the study. According to established criteria, a total of 990 clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp. were included in the study. Most isolates (67.1%) were recovered from male patients, aged between 5 days and 97 years of life. Samples were obtained from Adult ICU (80.8%), Burn Treatment Units (18.1%), Pediatric ICU (0.9%) and Neonatal ICU (0.2%). Of total of evaluated isolates, 66.9% were classified as MR and 30.4% as ER. High resistance rates were verified for carbapenems (96.0% - Imipenem and 96.2% - Meropenem), fluoroquinolones (95.5% - Ciprofloxacin and 87.3% - Levofloxacin), cephalosporins (97.0% - Ceftazidime and 96.7% - Cefepime), aminoglycosides (71.5% - Gentamicin and 73.7% - Amikacin), Ampicillin-Sulbactam (94.1%) and Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim (88.9%). Important sensitivity rates were observed for Polymyxins (56.3% - Colistin), supporting the possible use of these agents in the treatment of infections by this pathogen. The high resistance rates observed demonstrates the therapeutic limitations in infections caused by Acinetobacter spp. at the HU. These results highlight the importance of epidemiological surveillance, to obtain rates that allow knowledge of the epidemiological reality of the institution, enabling the adequacy of effective strategies for the prevention and control of infections related to health care.